Symptom Advice .com » benign tumor

Causes ,effects symptoms and treatments of skin cancer

Symptom Advice — Sat, 12 Feb 2011 18:51:07 +0000

What is Skin cancer: Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer found in humans. around 1 million skin cancer cases were registered for every early and this annual rate is increasing drastically due to increase in risk factors. Skin cancer can be recognized by the changes in appearance of the skin. Skin cancer causes the skin cells to grow rapidly without any controlling limit.

Skin cancer is a combination of several diseases with different types of causes, symptoms and treatments. Skin cancer effects the basic life cycle of the cells and causes an abnormal growth and division of cells without any controlling limit, then it results in forming tumor (excess tissue) in the body.

Tumors are of two types, they are as follows:

• Benign tumor • Malignant tumor

Benign tumor: this tumor is not cancerous. They can be treated easily. They don’t spread to other parts of the body. If this tumor continues to grow in the same site for long time then it causes damage to the distant organs.

Malignant tumor: this tumor is cancerous, they causes damage to the adjacent organs by spreading the cancer cells at high rate. The cells in this tumor invade the distant organs and forms new tumors through blood flow or by lymphatic system. The new tumor has the same characteristic features of the primary tumor. For example, if the skin cancer spreads to the lungs, the cancer cells in the lungs are actually belonging to the skin cancer cells. then this disease is called as metastatic skin cancer.

Skin cancer types: Skin cancer is categorized into three different types they are

• Basal cell carcinoma • Squamous cell carcinoma • Melanoma

Basal cell carcinoma: this skin cancer is not metastatic .It doesn’t spread to other parts but causes damage to nearby tissues. The risk factors for basal cell carcinoma are listed below. The basal cell carcinoma looks like dome shaped bump. this bump shape is covered by the telangiectases blood vessels .the starting stage of this benign tumor cannot be detected easily because it is shiny and translucent. with the biopsy process we can detect the starting age of this skin cancer. Some of the carcinomas contain melanin pigment which makes the tumor to look dark rather than shiny. Basal cell carcinomas generally appear on the back side or chest. Basal cell carcinomas make the skin dry with raw patches. these carcinomas take several years to grow into uncontrolled size and damage the nearby senses by disfiguring ear, nose or eye.

Squamous cell carcinoma: this cancer occurs in the squamous cells. these carcinomas appear to be thin, flat cells which look like fish scales. these Squamous cells present in the surface tissues of the skin. so if there is any abnormality in the squamous cells, then Squamous cell carcinoma occurs. due to excess growth of squamous carcinoma cells a mound is formed which is called as keratoacanthoma.

Risk factors of basal cell carcinoma, Squamous cell carcinoma and Melanoma:

Age: this type of skin cancer occurs after the age of 50 years. But the sun burning effects starts in the early stage.

Sun exposure: People who face severe blistering sunburns can have the chance of occurring melanoma cancer. so, sunburns in young age will be a risk factor for casing basal cell carcinoma cancer. take sun lotion creams to avoid the risk factor of melanoma cancer.

UV radiation: due to long exposure to the ultraviolet radiations, the chances of having basal cell carcinoma cancer increases. People who stay in the sun for longer time will have more risk factors. due to this UV rays the skin becomes grey and causes skin irritation. Aging of the skin appears due to increase in risk factors. so, please stay away from UV rays to reduce the risk factors of basal cell carcinoma cancer.

Therapeutic treatment: taking this treatment for curing other cancer diseases can increase the chance of having basal cell carcinoma cancer.

Weak immune system: People with weak immune system will have more chances of getting skin cancer.

Family pedigree: Risk factors of skin cancer sometimes can be caused due to the family relation link. It some time runs in the families. so please take regular checkup to reduce the risk factors of this cancer.

Fair skin: People with fair skin have more chances to expose to melanoma cancer because it is easily burned and freaked out. so, people with fair skin should take some skin lotions to reduce the causing factors of melanoma cancer.

Having more moles on the body: Too many moles in the body can cause melanoma cancer for sure.

Skin cancer symptoms and signs: • Gray skin • Head aches • Swollen lymph nodes • Pain in moles • Asymmetry • Border irregularity • Color diameter • Weight loss • Chronic cough • Skin thickening • Itching, tingling, Irritations. • Redness • Swelling • Patches • bleedingTreatment for basal cell carcinoma and Squamous cell carcinoma:

Surgical operation: Surgery operation is carried to remove the entire tumor. this process is useful during the early stages of the tumor occurrence.

Curettage and desiccation: Curette is the instrument used by the dermatologists to remove the tumor by scooping out the cell carcinoma. And desiccation is the electric current process useful in burning the remained cancer cells. this treatment is carried for small cancers. Radiation therapy: this treatment is based on the extent of the skin disease. Radiotherapy is a process of removing carcinoma cancer cells by using high intensity x-rays. these high energy x-rays are aimed at the effected part of the skin surface to destroy the cancer cells. Cryo surgery: this is a new process evolved in treating the carcinoma cancer cells. in this process the cancer causing cells in the body are destroyed completely by injecting a freezing liquid through intravascular veins of the body. The freezing liquid used in this treatment process is nothing but argon or liquid nitrogen. this freezing liquid is directly injected into the body for the removal of cancer cells. this treatment is given when there is advancement in the skin cancer. this treatment produces side effects like damage to the urethra and bladder by damaging normal cells.

Mohs micrographic surgery: this treatment process gives 98 percent of success rate in removing carcinoma cells. this treatment causes very low side effects and damages very less normal cells. this process is carried by making small incision to the effected part of the body for removing the entire carcinoma tumor or part of it by micrographic instruments. The sequence of removing carcinoma cells is carried continuously without causing any pain. The cure rate is very high and this is the best process for treating advanced skin cancers.

Medical therapy by using creams: this treatment can be taken to avoid surgery. this medical therapy creams kills the cancer cells and increases the body immune system to protect from infections.

Treatment of melanoma cancer:Surgery: Surgery is carried to remove the cancer tumor. Surgery can be carried in the early stages of the tumor occurrence. Surgery is taken place only if the cancer is located in only one part of the body. During the surgery process the damaged lymph nodes are also removed along with the tumor. this surgery process depends on the location, area and size of the tumor.

Chemotherapy: Chemotherapy drugs are called as anti-cancer drugs used to destroy cancer cells .there are many types of chemotherapy drugs available in the market for the treatment of cancer. these drugs are available in the form of pills but mostly given by drip into the blood veins.

Radiotherapy: Radiotherapy is a process of removing cancer cells by using high intensity x-rays. these high energy x-rays are aimed at the cancer affected part of the body to destroy the cancer cells. this process also causes damage to the normal cells for its side effects.

Biotherapy: due to weak immune system in the body, there are chances for the development of cancer. so this Biotherapy treatment process is useful in rebuilding strong immune system in the body. Biotherapy is also called as immunotherapy or biological response modifier therapy. this treatment process is really useful in repairing, enhancing and stimulating the weak immune system of the body. this process can be carried along with surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy.

Melanoma cancer is treated as the serious skin cancer disease due to its risk factors. It is treated as a malignant tumor because it spreads through out the body. The treatment for this melanoma cancer should be carried in the early stages to cure it completely.

Basal cell carcinoma and Squamous cell carcinoma are most common type of skin cancers found in people. these two types of skin cancers are together called as Non-melanoma skin cancer. Melanoma skin cancer is termed as metastatic skin cancer because of its serious effects. Melanoma is a serious type of skin cancer which spreads through out the body.

Skin Cancer

Causes ,effects symptoms and treatments of rectal cancer

Symptom Advice — Sun, 26 Dec 2010 21:34:14 +0000

Causes ,effects symptoms and treatments of rectal cancer

Rectal cancer: Colon and Rectal are both the part of digestive system. all the waste material is stored in the colon part and the rectal is the end part of the colon which is adjacent to the anus, it is used to store the stool. together the colon and Rectal form the large intestine (large bowel).Rectal cancer occurs in the inner lining of the large intestine. Polyps of large intestine are termed as benign tumors and cancer caused tissue is termed as malignant tumor in the large intestine.

These benign tumor are not cancerous can be removed easily by colonoscopy, benign tumors are not harmful because they don’t spread to other organs. most of the researches believe that cancer in the large intestine is started with polyps. Malignant tumors are cancerous and cause damage to the nearby organs and tissues.

Causes of Rectal cancer: first stage of the rectal cancer is formed by polyps these polyps can be removed easily. if it is not removed in time then it grows in malignant tumor (cancerous tumor) and spreads through out the body and causes death.

• Family history: family history can also be a factor for causing rectal cancer .So, be sure in taking screen test for digestive system. • Increase in age: As age increases they are more chances in facing rectal cancer. • Smoking and alcohols: Smoking and alcohol drinking increases the risk factor of rectal cancer. • High fat foods: Taking of high fat foods decreases the body immune system and increases the risk factors of having rectal cancer.

Symptoms of Rectal cancer: Rectal cancer causes many symptoms which helps us to take medical tests for the early prevention of this cancer.• Internal bleeding: Internal bleeding occurs in the urine due to obstruction made by the tumor mass in the large intestine.

Nausea and vomiting: Body hormone changes, pains, body inflammation, poor blood flow and anxiety are the causing factors of nausea and vomiting.Weight loss: Weight loss occurs due to absence of proper diet. Due to cancer most of the people will experience unexplained weight loss.Obstruction of stool: Due to growth of tumor in the inner lining of the large intestine, it prevents the passage of stool from urine.

Constipation: Constipation occurs during the early stage of the cancer. Constipation means slow movement of body waste through the body. Due to constipation the body faces illness.

Treatment of colon cancer:

The treatment process of rectal cancer is defined by following stages: • Stage 1:if the tumor invades only the first or second inner lining wall of the intestine without attacking lymph nodes, then it is considered as first stage of cancer. • Stage2: if the mesorectum is attacked by the tumor but without attacking the lymph nodes, then this is termed as second stage of cancer. • Stage3:if the lymph nodes are attacked by the tumor , then it is termed as third stage. • Stage4:if the cancer cells spread through out the body , then it is termed as the last stage.

Surgery:Surgery is the best option for stage1 rectal cancer. it can be treated easily by going for surgical operation for the process of removal of polyps (unusual growth of glands) in the large intestine. Surgery is carried to remove the cancer tumor. Surgery can be carried in the early stages of the tumor occurrence. Surgery is taken place only if the cancer is located in only one part of the body. during the surgery process the damaged lymph nodes are also removed along with the tumor. Active surveillance can be taken when the rectal cancer grows slowly. Doctor keeps on monitoring the cancer growth in the body, if it starts to grow rapidly, then you can go for the treatment process at that very time for preventing it from re-occurrence.

Radiotherapy: Radiotherapy treatment process is carried for stage2 and stage3 rectal cancer. Radiotherapy is a process of removing cancer cells by using high intensity x-rays. these high energy x-rays are aimed at the cancer affected part of the body to destroy the cancer cells .this process also causes damage to the normal cells for its side effects.

Chemotherapy: Chemotherapy treatment process is carried for both stage2 and stag3 rectal cancer. Chemotherapy drugs are called as anti-cancer drugs used to destroy cancer cells .there are many types of chemotherapy drugs available in the market for the treatment of cancer. these drugs are available in the form of pills but mostly given by drip into the blood veins. Surgery and radiotherapy treatment method is performed for the last stage of rectal cancer (metastatic cancer).How ever this stage is not curable but can extent the survival time due to usage of new medications.

Rectal cancer is treated by the following mentioned programs. through out the globe, rectal cancer is the third leading cancer disease in people. Rectal cancer is treated as cancerous disease because of its effects and causes. Treating of Rectal cancer must be carried in the early stages to cure it completely.

Author shares information on causes, symptoms, effects, risk factors, preventions, treatments, prognosis of diseases like cancer, diabetes, heart attack, obesity and also shares information on Men’s health, women’s health, sexual health, mental health, health and fitness, pregnancy, Blood disorders, Muscles, bones and joints, Health issues, and Weight loss.

Causes ,effects symptoms and treatments of head and neck cancer

Symptom Advice — Wed, 01 Dec 2010 14:51:19 +0000

Causes ,effects symptoms and treatments of head and neck cancer

Head & Neck Cancer: Head and neck cancer occurs due to the spreading of cancer cells in the head and neck area. Generally, the cells grow and divide into multiple cells and they die when they grow old, and new cells take their place. But due to some causes these basic life cycle of the cells gets damage and began to grow rapidly without any controlling limit. These cells form a huge mass of tissue which is called as tumor.

Tumors are of two types they are: • Benign tumor: These tumors are not life threatening tumors. this cancer can be removed easily by surgery process. they don’t reoccur. These tumors grow in single site. they do not spread and invade other tissues around them. the benign tumor cells doesn’t contain metastatic characteristics( spreading nature to other parts of the body) • Malignant tumor: These tumors are cancerous tumors. they spread to other parts of the body. These tumors can be removed but sometimes they grow back. Malignant tumors invade nearby tissues and organs. These tumors contain metastatic characters. When the cancer cells spreads to the other parts will form a new tumor which has the same characteristic features of the primary tumor. for example, if the head and neck cancer cells spread to the lungs, the cancer cells in the lungs are actually belonging to the head and neck cancer cells. Then this cancer disease is called as metastatic head and neck cancer.

Head and cancer affects the following types:

Oral cavity: Oral cavity contains many parts like lips, tongue, tonsils, lining of the cheeks, salivary glands, hard palate (roof of the mouth), soft palate (back of the mouth), and floor of the mouth, gums and teeth.

Salivary glands: These glands are useful in producing the fluid (saliva) in the throat moist and mouth. These glands are located in the jawbone and in the floor of the month.

Paranasal sinuses and nasal cavity: the Paranasal sinuses consist of small hollow spaces in the head bones surrounding the nose and the nasal cavity is located in the hollow space inside the nose.

Larynx: It is also called as voice box. It is located just below the neck. Larynx contains vocal chord. There is small tissue called epiglottis in the larynx which helps in preventing the entry of food from entering the air passage.

Lymph nodes in the upper part of neck: Squamous cancer cells are present in the lower part of the neck. These cancer cells contain metastatic characteristics.

Pharynx: it is a hollow tube which is located behind the nose and leads to esophagus. Pharynx consists of three parts.

Hypopharynx: It is the lower part of the pharynx. Neasophayrnx: It is located in the upper part of pharynx. Oropharynx: Oropharynx is the middle part of the pharynx. It is the base part of the tonsils and tongue.

Causes of head and neck cancers: the main causes for breast cancer are not identified but the risk factors for the breast cancer are identified and here is the list.

Risk factors for breast cancer:

These are the two main risk factors for causing head and neck cancers.

Chewing of tobacco: Tobacco chewing increases the risk factor for causing head and neck cancers. this activity has more adverse effects. Tobacco plays vital role for many cancer related disease. Tobacco smoking also leads to head and neck cancers. In which 87 percent of the cases are related to death cases due to its effect. Head and neck is the leading cancer in both men and women. Smoking also causes pancreatic, stomach, kidney, colon and leukemia cancer.

Alcohol: Taking of alcohols will reduce the performance of body immune system which causes the chances of many cancer diseases.

Other risk factors for head and neck cancers:

Salivary glands: Severe exposure to harmful radiations can increase the risk for head and neck cancers

Paranasal sinuses and nasal cavity: severe exposure of this Paranasal sinuses and nasal cavity to industrial effects can increase the cancer effects.

Larynx: Due to exposure of larynx part to air borne particles will increase the risk factors.

Pharynx: Due to HPV infection of this part there is a chance for increase in risk factors.

Types of head and neck cancers: Hypopharyngeal Cancer, Laryngeal Cancer, Lip and Oral Cavity Cancer, Nasopharyngeal Cancer, Oropharyngeal Cancer, Paranasal Sinus and Nasal, Cavity Cancer and Salivary Gland Cancer are the following head and neck cancers.

Symptoms of head and neck cancer:

• Sore throat stays for longer time. • Hoarseness • Occurrence of Lump or sore that doesn’t heal. • Pain during swallowing • Pain in throat • Ear pain • trouble speaking • trouble breathing • Chin swelling • Pain in the neck • Paralysis of face muscles. • Loss of hearing • headaches

Treatment procedure for head and neck cancers: the treatment procedure of head and neck cancers include surgery, radiation therapy and chemotherapy.

Surgery: Surgery is the main therapy for the curing of head and neck cancer in the early stage. this surgery process is carried by identifying the staging of the head and neck cancer. Surgery is carried to remove the tumor part in the mouth and neck area. during the surgery process the damaged lymph nodes and nearby tissues in the neck are also removed. during some cases, the major portion of other infected organs will be removed for avoiding the spreading of the disease throughout the body. most of the time, patients will be given radiation therapy along with surgery treatment for complete removal of the tumor.

Radiation therapy: this treatment is based on the extent of the disease. Radiotherapy is a process of removing cancer cells by using high intensity x-rays. These high energy x-rays are aimed at the affected part to destroy the cancer cells.

There are two types of radiotherapy treatments they are.

• External radiations: External radiation process is carried out from outside the body. the powerful x-ray beams are aimed at the effected area from outside the body and destroys the cancer causing cells permanently

• Internal radiations: X-ray beams are passed into the body by making some small incisions in the head and neck area. this treatment gives better results than the external radiation therapy.

Chemotherapy: Chemotherapy is one of the treatments useful in killing head and neck cancer causing cells by the usage of drugs. this treatment process is carried by either pills or through intravascular injections. the anti-cancer drug enters into the bloodstream and travels towards the damaged tissues and destroys the cancer cells. Chemotherapeutic drugs attack the head and neck cancer cells by stopping their unusual growth. the nature of this head and neck cancer cells were brought to the normal condition by controlling the divisibility of the cells. the chemotherapy drugs are given in the following form:

In tablet or pill form(head and neck) by taking injection(Intravenous or intramuscular) Injection taking in the (Intrathecal)

This cancer chemotherapy drug can be given at either clinic or at home. the usage of this drug can be daily, weekly or monthly depending on the stage of the cancer and body immune system. Chemotherapy treatment is given by considering the following basis like age, gender, drug toxicity and body weight. the dosage and usability should be carried under proper supervision.

Head and neck cancer occurs due to unusual growth of cancer cells in the head and neck region. this cancer is referred as metastatic cancer for its effects and causes. this cancer can be cured only in the early stage of its occurrence. this cancer has many risk factors.