Pharyngitis (fromthe Greek. Pharynx – throat) is called a common inflammation of the pharynx (orthroat). because of the structure of the pharynx and throat mucous membrane ismuch more common than the localized inflammation, sore throat or otherwise. Throatfunctionally designed to protect against the penetration of the body along withthe air of foreign particles, dust and germs. a structure of pharyngeal mucosais such that ensures and immune defense. Pathogenic microbes adhering to themucosa, rich in blood vessels and lymphoid tissue, immediately attacked by theimmune system cells.Pharyngitis can take two forms of clinical development – an acute or chronic.For acute disease characterized by the following symptoms: dryness, burning ortingling sensation in the throat, cough, pain on swallowing, difficultybreathing, worsening of general well-being with the advent of pain in the backof the head, possibly a slight increase in body temperature. in addition, thereis a cluster of hard detachable mucus with an unpleasant odor. Children havealways pharyngitis occurs at high temperature and is complicated byinflammation of the nose, throat and acute catarrhal rhinitis.Often the sore throat may occur independently owing to the direct effects ofaggressive stimuli on the mucosa, or an allergic reaction to their impact – thecold air or hot steam, liquids, alcohol, tobacco smoke, gases, dust and otherchemicals.Cause of acute pharyngitis may be bacterial (staphylococci, pneumococci,streptococci, Chlamydia, Neisseria) or viral infections (influenza, measles,scarlet fever, herpes and cytomegalovirus) and fungal infections (candida). Itshould be noted that the most common cause of acute pharyngitis are viruses.the vast majority of SARS necessarily accompanied by symptoms of pharyngitis.in addition, the development of inflammation of the mucous throat may be causedby the spread of inflammation of the nasal cavity with sinusitis or rhinitis,from the mouth – with caries.the cause of chronic pharyngitis may serve as long-term irritation of thethroat due to smoking, alcohol abuse and exposure to chemicals, gases, dust,and hypothermia. Recurrent acute inflammation of the pharynx, as well aschronic inflammation of the nose, tonsils and nasal breathing for a long trip,too, can lead to chronic inflammation.in some cases, the cause of chronic pharyngitis may be endocrine systemdiseases (hypothyroidism, menopause), or metabolic disease (diabetes,diathesis, etc.), kidney disease, cardiovascular disease. Immunologicaltolerance and immunodeficiency, when the immune system allows the small amountof micro-organisms to multiply freely in the tissues of the tonsils to acertain level, can also lead to chronic pharyngitis. As a result of chronicpharyngitis may have exacerbation and remission?Typical symptoms of chronic pharyngitis form are less pronounced. There is adry, sore throat, persistent cough without fever. Chronic pharyngitis differsnot for reasons of appearance, and clinical manifestations. Depending on thecondition of the mucous membrane (thickening, thinning, congestion and otherchanges) it can be simple, hypertrophic or atrophic.Any form of pharyngitis requires first determining the type of infection andthe source of its origin. For this purpose it is necessary to see a specialist,which will produce an inspection of the pharynx, and if necessary appointadditional research. if strep throat is not treated or treated properly, theinfection can spread into the cavity of the larynx, nose, or middle ear,thereby causing laryngitis, sinusitis, otitis media, or other seriousillnesses. Or go to the chronic form.Accurate diagnosis – the main key to success in healing. if a pronounceddeterioration of general condition is not observed, it is enough to symptomatictreatment. Typically, it includes a diet without irritating foods with abundantwarm drink, other than smoking, hot foot bath and warming compresses on theneck. the doctor may prescribe anti-microbial agents in the form of drops andinhaled or topical antibacterial. when bacterial pharyngitis may be prescribedsystemic antibiotics. Remember that any medication should be carried out underthe supervision of a physician.