Nepal, Dec. 26 — Whenever I open my mouth, people either lean away, cover their nose or have an unpleasant expression on their face because of my bad breath. It’s so distressing,” I remember one of my patients telling me. another complained that her husband had the problem and that it was becoming really difficult to deal with. in fact, two out of ten patients coming into the dental clinic express similar issues with bad breath. Breath malodor is a rather embarrassing social problem; it has been documented that almost US $1 billion a year is spent in the US on mouth rinses and mints to counter bad breath. Wouldn’t it be better to spend this money on a proper diagnostic treatment instead of short-term and ultimately inefficient masking attempts?

Halitosis, in medical terms, can be defined as chronic, long-term bad breath, caused by anaerobic sulfur-producing bacteria breeding beneath the surface of the tongue and often in the throat and tonsils. the causes can be intra oral or extra oral. Intra oral causes mostly deal with poor dental habits leading to food impaction and infection, associated with gingivitis and periodontitis. Besides that, xerostomia (dry mouth) or the accumulation of food remnants intermingled with exfoliated cells and bacteria causing a coating on the surface of the tongue can also lead to halitosis. Extra oral causes could be owing to Eye-Nose-Throat (ENT) infections, pulmonary problems such as chronic bronchitis, bronchiectasis and bronchial carcinoma, liver diseases, renal diseases, systemic metabolic disorders such as Type-1 diabetes, hereditary metabolic conditions such as trimethylaminuria and hormonal disorders.

The process of halitosis begins when there is proteolytic degradation of peptides present

in saliva, food debris, inter dental plaque,

postnatal drip and blood by gram-negative anaerobic bacteria. Thus wherever the cause is located, a common pathophysiology effect is tissue destruction and putrefaction of amino acids.

Due to the varied etiological factors that cause halitosis, a proper diagnostic approach is necessary. Clinicians must consider relevant medical history and note the frequency of occurrence-daily, weekly or monthly;

time of appearance within the day to exclude other associated diseases; any medications the patient might be on; and dryness of the mouth or any other symptoms, so that a complete picture can be drawn and appropriate treatment given. Lastly, the clinician must be able to differentiate between intra oral and extra oral origins.

While there are different instruments available in the market through which the level of halitosis can be analysed such as the portable volatile sulfide monitor, gas chromatography, phase contrast microscope etc, these are too cumbersome for a small clinical setup. this is why most clinics employ the ‘Organoleptic Rating’ method. in organoleptic rating, a trained judge smells the expired air and rates its intensity ranging from 0 to 5 (where 0=no odor and 5=extremely foul odor). Although it is entirely based on the olfactory faculties of the clinician, it is considered the standard. another method is through self-examination. A patient is asked to smell a plastic spoon after scraping the back of his/her tongue. Similarly, licking one’s wrist and allowing it to dry and then smelling it, or inserting a toothpick between one’s teeth and testing the smell can very well reflect one’s level of malodor. Of course, these aren’t foolproof methods or completely accurate, but they generally work in detecting whether there is cause for concern.

Dental clinicians should not take halitosis lightly and must strive to diagnose and treat malodor, because more than 85 percent of cases of bad breath have intra oral origins. Treatment should be centered on reducing the bacterial load by effective mechanical oral hygiene procedures, which could comprise simply of teaching patients the proper way of brushing, including tongue scraping. Periodontal diseases should be treated and controlled, and as auxiliary aid, oral rinses containing chlorhexidine, triclosan, hydrogen peroxide or stannous fluoride may be prescribed to further reduce symptoms. If breath malodor persists after these approaches, it could be owing to extra oral origins and medical consultation should be sought immediately.

Dr Roy is a Dental Surgeon working in Dharan Published by HT Syndication with permission from EKantipur.com. For any query with respect to this article or any other content requirement, please contact Editor at

• admin
• Apr 1,2011
• In: Fibroid Symptom

Report by James sameul

Therapy Uterine Fibroid

Ute&#114&#105&#110e fibroids (singular Uterine Fibroma) (leiomyomata&#44&#32&#115ingular leiomyoma) are benign tumors which grow fr&#111&#109&#32the muscle layers of the uterus. They are the most&#32&#119&#105despread benign neoplasm in females, and may have &#97&#110&#32effect on about twenty five% of white and 50% of b&#108&#97&#99k girls throughout the reproductive a long time.Ut&#101&#114&#105ne fibroids (leiomyomas) are widespread noncancero&#117&#115&#32(benign) tumors of the uterus. They grow from the &#109&#117&#115cular wall of the uterus and are manufactured up o&#102&#32&#109uscle and fibrous tissue.

Fibroids are muscular tu&#109&#111&#114s that increase in the wall of the uterus (womb). &#79&#110&#101 more healthcare expression for fibroids is “leiomyoma” (leye-oh-meye-OH-muh) &#111&#114&#32just “myoma”. Fibroids are practically always benign (not cancerous). Fibroids&#32&#99&#97n develop as a single tumor, or there can be many &#111&#102&#32them in the uterus.

Leads to of Uterine FibroidUte&#114&#105&#110e fibroids produce from the smooth muscular tissue&#32&#111&#102 the uterus (myometrium). A single cell reproduces&#32&#114&#101peatedly, ultimately making a pale, firm, rubbery &#109&#97&#115s distinct from neighboring tissue.African-People &#105&#110&#32the usa are two-3 instances a lot more probably to&#32&#112&#114esent with symptomatic uterine fibroids and usuall&#121&#32&#119ill do so at a more youthful age than the rest of &#116&#104&#101 population of women with uterine fibroids.

Regula&#114&#32&#97ge range for fibroids to grow to be symptomatic is&#32&#51&#53-fifty.Fibroids can be small and trigger no proble&#109&#115&#44 but they can also develop to weigh many lbs. They&#32&#105&#110crease little by little. some girls with a lot of &#102&#105&#98roids may possibly have an inherited tendency towa&#114&#100&#32developing them.

Fibroids might also result in dis&#99&#111&#109fort or a feeling of strain or heaviness in the re&#100&#117&#99ed pelvic location (the region in between the hip &#98&#111&#110es), the back again or the legs. some females have&#32&#112&#97in in the course of sexual intercourse. Other peop&#108&#101&#32have a continuous feeling that they require to uri&#110&#97&#116e.

Symptoms and symptomsSubserosal fibroids. Fibro&#105&#100&#115 that undertaking to the exterior of the uterus (s&#117&#98&#115erosal fibroids) can at times press on your bladde&#114&#44&#32triggering you to experience urinary symptoms. If &#102&#105&#98roids bulge from the back again of your uterus, th&#101&#121&#32sometimes can press possibly on your rectum, causi&#110&#103&#32constipation, or on your spinal nerves, creating b&#97&#99&#107ache.Irregular or unpredictable bleeding

reduced-s&#116&#111&#109ach strain, often described as an achy or hefty fe&#101&#108&#105ng or linked with the need to urinate far more fre&#113&#117&#101ntly

Therapy of Uterine FibroidWatchful waitingIf &#121&#111&#117 are like most women with uterine fibroids, you ha&#118&#101&#32no indicators or signs. in your scenario, watchful&#32&#119&#97iting (expectant management) could be the greatest&#32&#112&#114ogram. Fibroids aren’t cancerous. They seldom interfere with pre&#103&#110&#97ncy. They usually develop little by little and are&#32&#105&#110clined to shrink following menopause when amounts &#111&#102&#32reproductive hormones dropUterine artery embolizat&#105&#111&#110 is a new method aimed at stopping the will need f&#111&#114&#32main surgery. the strategy stops the blood supply &#116&#104&#97t tends to make fibroids grow. the prolonged-phras&#101&#32&#101ffects of this procedure are nevertheless unfamili&#97&#114&#44 and the security of pregnancy following this trea&#116&#109&#101nt is questionable.

A laparotomic myomectomy (also&#32&#114&#101cognized as an open or stomach myomectomy) is the &#109&#111&#115t invasive surgical treatment to remove fibroids. &#84&#104&#101 medical professional helps make an incision in th&#101&#32&#115tomach wall and removes the fibroid from the uteru&#115&#46&#32A especially in depth laparotomic process may well&#32&#110&#101cessitate that any potential births be executed by&#32&#67&#97esarean area.

about the Writer

Examine about Wed&#100&#105&#110g Dress, Marriage ceremony Hairstyles. Also Examin&#101&#32&#97bout Utilize for Credit Cards and Acne Remedies, A&#99&#110&#101Treatment

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by oral habits i mean like nail biting and thumbsucking

There is a lot more to ADHD (attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder) than just nail-biting. ADD or ADHD need to be diagnosed by a professional. but yes, there are some instances where oral habits can be an expression of someone with ADHD that's been placed in a stressful situation. (stressful meaning outside their comfort zone).

More common manifestations of oral habits are found in cases of mild Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD).

AD-HD stands for

Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder

It basically means the the person would have a short attention span, mood swings, hyper , bad behavior.

Some people may have all of the symptoms and yet some may only have one or two.
I suggest the person go to a doctor.

@ bebotech bad behavior is not a symptom of ADHD