quantumbalancing.com/news/lem…

Water spiked with fresh organic limes and lemons:

1.) it is an antiseptic, or is an agent that prevents sepsis [the presence of pathogenic bacteria] or putrefaction [decomposition of tissue]

2.) it is also anti-scorbutic, a term meaning a remedy which will prevent disease and assist in cleansing the system of impurities

3.) symptoms of indigestion such as heartburn, bloating and belching are relieved

4.) By drinking lemon juice regularly, the bowels are aided in eliminating waste more efficiently thus controlling constipation and diarrhea

5.) a wonderful stimulant to the liver and is a dissolvent of uric acid and other poisons, liquefies the bile

6.) Sufferers of chronic rheumatism and gout will benefit by taking lemon juice, also those who have a tendency to bleed, uterine hemorrhages, etc.; rickets and tuberculosis

7.) In pregnancy, it will help to build bone in the child

8.) potassium content, it will nourish the brain and nerve cells

9.) magnesium, in conjunction with calcium, has an important part to play in the formation of albumen in the blood
a.) lemon contains potassium 48.3, calcium 29.9, phosphorus 11.1, magnesium 4.4. Lemons are useful in treating asthma, biliousness, colds, coughs, sore throat, diphtheria, la grippe [flu or influenza], heartburn, liver complaint[s], scurvy, fevers and rheumatism

10.) calcium builds up the bony structure and makes healthy teeth.

There's more information regarding adding organic lemon or lime to water… Check the above mentioned link and page down to "amazing Health Benefits".

Could this be a way to reduce chlorine in our public water supply, and provide health benefits at the same time?

More important than anything above…does it kill the pathogens in drinking water and provide a residual that would persist throughout the distribution system? Sounds like you don't understand the water treatment process or even why it's done in the first place. certain pathogens occur in cysts, they have a protective shell around them that shields them from chemicals including lemon juice. and do you really think everyone is going to want to drink lemon flavoured water? Or bathe in it? and none of the health benefits will matter when people start getting sick.
So, no, we can't reduce chlorine usage in drinking water by using lemon juice.