Q: what is cervical cancer and how is it caused?

A: Cervical cancer occurs when malignant or cancerous cells grow in a woman’s cervix. the cervix is the neck of the uterus.

Q: what are the risk factors?

A: all women are at risk of developing cervical cancer, but there are factors that increase their chances of developing the disease. having more than five sexual partners in a woman’s lifetime, use of tobacco and being infected with the human papillomavirus are factors that increase a woman’s risk of developing cervical cancer. Eighty percent of all sexually active women are positive for HPV. One hundred percent of cervical cancers are associated with HPV, which is comprised of more than 100 related viruses that are spread through sexual contact. HPV often has no symptoms. Women don’t realize they have it unless they have a regular Pap test. getting screened regularly is the best way to reduce the risk of developing cervical cancer.

Q: How can I reduce my risk of developing cervical cancer?

A: Cervical cancers can be easily detected and treated in their early stages or even before development. again, a regular Pap test is the best defense against cervical cancer. you should have one performed each year, beginning about 3 years after becoming sexually active, or age by 21. Women over the age of 30 with normal Pap tests for three consecutive years might be able to reduce their frequency of Pap smears. Women over 70 might be able to discontinue tests altogether if they have had three straight years of normal tests. Women who have had a hysterectomy for non-cancerous reasons do not need annual Pap smears unless they engage in high risk activities. all women still need to have an annual exam.

Q: where can I be screened for cervical cancer?

A: the Cancer Center at Ball Memorial Hospital will be offering a free cervical cancer screening Jan. 27. Women, ages 21 to 70, who have not had a Pap test in the last 12 months, who are uninsured or under insured and who have not had a total hysterectomy qualify for this free cervical cancer screening.

Appointments are necessary, so call BMH Patient Access at 741-1073 or (800) 237-9625 to schedule your free screening. call to cancel if you cannot make your scheduled appointment time.

Roberto Darroca, an obstetrician-gynecologist at Associates in Women’s Health, PC, is a member of the Ball Memorial Hospital medical staff. For more information, go to clarianball.org.