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“We took biopsies in [1999] and couldn't establish a causative agent for the hair loss then,” Tony DeGange, chief of the biology office at the USGS Science Center in Anchorage, told the Washington Times. “But now we have this unexplained mortality event going on with seals. And they haven't been successful in figuring out what caused the seal deaths. Is it just a matter of coincidence or is it related? We don't know.”

More than 100 ringed seals and Pacific walruses washed up on the shores of Alaska, Canada and Russia last summer. they showed fur loss and skin lesions accompanied by labored breathing and fatigue. the majority of the animals eventually died, according to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.

“Despite extensive testing for a wide variety of well-known infectious agents, the cause(s) of the observed condition in walruses and ice seals remains unknown,” the USGS said in a statement. “Advanced testing techniques for unidentified infectious agents is continuing as well as further testing for potential causes including man-made and natural biotoxins, radiation, contaminants, auto-immune diseases, nutritional, hormonal and environmental factors.”

Even though scientists are investigating radiation as a possible cause, they stressed it's unlikely the illness is being caused by contamination from Japan's Fukushima nuclear power plant, which was damaged last year in an earthquake.

While no polar bears have died yet, the appearance of a disease spreading through their population is “disturbing,” Andrew Wetzler, director of the Land and Wildlife Program for the National Resources Defense Council, said in a blog post.

“At the very least, it should serve as a caution flag to scientists and government officials,” he wrote. ”With polar bears already vulnerable to the effects of climate change, and now showing signs of a new emergent illness, this is not the time to be playing Russian roulette with the Beaufort Sea population either by rushing ahead with offshore oil exploration and drilling or by continuing Canada's commercial trade in polar bear skins.”

The State of Alaska Division of Public Health said there's no evidence of the disease spreading to humans.

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available in two forms of chronic diseases: acute pancreatitis in dogs. When expressed in acute crisis, the condition lasts for a certain time and no permanent damage is done. Chronic pancreatitis in dogs occurs as a result of a high-fat diet and certain medications, and the situation is even worse. The severe form of acute necrotizing pancreatitis canine pancreatitis. it happens very quickly and dissolves the pancreas and all the institutions that surround them.Death may occur if they are not provided.

known causes of canine pancreatitis include obesity, high blood lipids, a high-fat meal reduced by taking blood flow to the pancreas, drugs such as steroids, pancreatic duct obstruction, toxins, chronic kidney disease and infectious agents. pancreatitis dogs are allowed without a known cause occur.

Many times, conflicts of pancreatitis during the holidays, like Christmas andThanksgiving, when celebrations are accompanied by a lot of fatty foods. Food for animals' owners risk their table, to develop pancreatitis.

The clinical symptoms of pancreatitis of the dog, but can vary are:

– Vomiting – Anorexia – Depression – Abdominal pain – Diarrhoea – Severe weakness or collapse – Dehydration – Shock – Fever

The dogs are showing signs of abdominal pain by acting restless, panting, crying orWincing when picked up and is linked with an arched back, or lying down increases with the front end down and the rear end.

The goal of treatment is to rest the pancreas to provide supportive care and control of complications. Treatment usually starts from the food source, water and produce oral medications for at least 24 hours to stop the stimulation of pancreatic digestive enzymes. Food intake is resumed after a couple of days and is usually a meal and a delicate, easily digestible,Foods low in fat. The quantity and size of meals is gradually on the increase of reaction depends on your dog.

if pancreatitis is caused by a drug medication, should be discontinued. if infection is caused by a toxin, or other condition, appropriate treatment of the underlying disease should be initiated.

The second important component of treatment is infusion therapy has been limited by the absorption of water. Fluids are either given subcutaneously or intravenously for the treatmentDehydration and electrolyte imbalances.

Dogs that have severe pain can be treated with painkillers. Antibiotics are often administered to protect against infection.

In addition to medicines and treatment by a veterinarian made ​​available, the dog with pancreatitis will need good nutrition to help fight the disease effectively.

Dogs have repeated attacks of pancreatitis may be necessary to avoid fed low-fat diet. In addition,a diet low in fat, high carbohydrate diets with the addition of food supplements, the change may be necessary to prevent a recurrence.

Telltale signs of canine pancreatitis

Crohn’s disease is a chronic transmural inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract of unknown etiology. Crohn’s disease involves acute and chronic granulomatous bowel disease with a cobblestone effect. Onset is generally between 15 and 30 years of age. Crohn’s disease differs from ulcerative colitis by affecting the gastrointestinal tract from oral cavity to rectum; UC involves the mucosal tissue of the colon and rectum. in Crohn’s disease, the intestinal lumen decreases; peristalsis from food intake cause cramping pain, especially in the right lower quadrant. Other symptoms include fever, weight loss, debility, nausea, mouth sores, anal fissures, vomiting, abdominal pain, intestinal bleeding, and sporadic flare-ups.

Infectious agents

Mycobacterium para-tuberculosis and measles virus have been proposed as potential cause of Crohn’s disease.

Immunological factors

Similar to UC. Focal ischemia due to autoimmune reaction also has been considered.

Genetic factors

Single strongest risk factor for development of Crohn’s is a relative with Crohn’s disease.

Diet

High intake of refined sugar and low intake of fibre from fruits and vegetables have been reported in patients with Crohn’s disease.

Smoking

Smokers are more likely to develop the disease than non smokers. also the disease has a more unfavorable course in smokers.

The disease is often insidious, slowly progressive with protracted course, commonly affects young adults in the second or third decade of life.

Intermittent colicky lower abdominal pain, diarrhoea, weight loss, is common.

Disease site: Ileum

Abdominal pain

Mass in right iliac fossa

Disease site: Colon

Extraintestinal manifestation

Disease site: Rectum

Other sites mouth, stomach, duodenum are occasionally affected.

Stricture – more common in small intestine. may cause obstructive symptoms.

Fistulas – may develop between loops of bowel adjacent to the bladder or vagina.

Perianal disease – fissures, fistulas, and abscesses.

Carcinoma – may complicate long standing colonic disease.

• Small bowel enema: absence of peristalsis in terminal ileum, multiple strictures and dilated segments in between can be demonstrated.

• Sigmoidoscopy and colonoscopy may demonstrate inflamed mucosa, which is granular with apthoid ulcers, which are discrete.

• Fistulograpgy to localize the internal fistula

• CT – it is done to detect thickening of bowel and extraintestinal disease.

Homeopathic treatment of Crohn’s disease

Homeopathy is one of the most popular holistic systems of medicine. the selection of remedy is based upon the theory of individualization and symptoms similarity by using holistic approach. this is the only way through which a state of complete health can be regained by removing all the sign and symptoms from which the patient is suffering. the aim of homeopathy is not only to treat Crohn’s disease symptoms but to address its underlying cause and individual susceptibility. As far as therapeutic medication is concerned, several well-proved medicines are available for Crohn’s disease treatment that can be selected on the basis of cause, condition, sensation and modalities of the complaints. for individualized remedy selection and treatment, the patient should consult a qualified homeopathic doctor in person. there are following medicines which are much helpful for the treatment of Crohn’s disease:

Ignatia – since the emotional element is uppermost in Ignatia, relationship of this physical irritation first needs to be established. to resolve this emotional state Ignatia is much helpful.

Natrum Mur – in chronic of Ignatia. Ill effects of grief, fright and anger aggravations by consolation are the characteristic features. Cutting pain in abdomen and the abdominal ring, burning and stitching pain in the rectum after a copious diarrhoea.

Staphisagria – is a nervous personality with marked irritability. this irritability is reflected in temper as well as in function of the digestion. the peristalsis is aggravated with the emotional outburst.

Aurum met – has feeling of self-condemnation and utter worthlessness, profound despondency that affects the digestion.

Nux Vomica – excellent medicine for Crohn’s disease, if one studies the Nux Vomica, one sees a clear picture of this condition.

Lycopodium – is another remedy that has a very close resemblance to the condition.

Merc sol – both have a very close relationship with the pathology of Crohn’s disease.

Apart from the treatment through the remedies, a lot of counseling and appropriate diet regimen is required.

Correction of dehydration and electrolyte losses through intravenous fluids may often be required which may not be possible at home and need admission to the hospital.

Allopathic treatment and surgery – allopathic medication mainly include salazopyrines and corticosteroids. Surgical procedures like stricture-stricturoplasty or resection, ileocaecal resection, colectomy and ileorectal anastomosis can be done according to the condition.

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