Have you ever experienced creepy-crawly, tingly-tightening sensations in your legs just as you sit down and relax, especially in the evening or night? You are not alone. it is estimated that nearly 10 percent of the U.S. adult population experiences the symptoms of restless legs syndrome (RLS) while approximately 2 to 3 percent of adults have moderate to severe RLS. even though these sensations usually occur in the legs, the fact is that RLS is a neurologic condition.

“Although the exact cause of RLS is unknown, studies continue to indicate that RLS is a long-term, neurological disorder. RLS symptoms often occur when people are about to rest or relax, causing both motor (the urge to move the legs) and sensory symptoms (the sensations in the legs),” says RLS researcher Richard Bogan, MD, president and medical director of SleepMed of South Carolina and associate clinical professor in the University of South Carolina Medical School. “Many people may live with the disruptive symptoms of RLS for years depending on the type they have, primary or secondary RLS,” he adds.

There are two types of RLS: primary RLS and secondary RLS. in primary RLS, symptoms tend to become more troublesome as adults get older, which is why most people are diagnosed in middle-age. Also, women are twice as likely as men to have RLS, and symptoms tend to become worse over time. Interestingly, a family history is reported by many patients with primary RLS, suggesting a genetic link to the disease. Research in this area is ongoing at respected institutions such as the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, but there are still many aspects of the condition that are not well understood.

Secondary RLS is typically a short-term condition due to an underlying medical condition or certain medications. Examples include kidney failure, low levels of iron and pregnancy.

You might have RLS if your symptoms match the following four criteria:

* an urge to move the legs, usually accompanied or caused by uncomfortable and unpleasant legs sensations

* Symptoms begin or worsen during periods of rest or inactivity such as lying or sitting

* Symptoms are partially or totally relieved by movement, such as walking or stretching, at least as long as the activity continues

* Symptoms are worse or occur only in the evening or at night

Dr. Bogan advises, “If you think your symptoms match the diagnosis criteria for RLS, then speak with your physician. only a doctor can diagnose RLS. There are lifestyle changes that may help alleviate symptoms as well as some over the counter products and FDA-approved prescription medications.”

For more information on RLS, visit RLS.org or Restlesslegs.com.

Our communication and assertive skills is important when we face a doctor. in order to get the best care, you need to be a partner with your doctor and you need to know how to communicate well.

Try these suggestions:

Prepare an agenda. Before go to the doctor, make up a list of questions, symptoms, and concerns. be specific, concise, and direct. Take this list with you so if you do get flustered, you can read directly off your list.

be sure you understand the doctor’s diagnosis. If your doctor mentions a word or procedure you don’t understand ask him or her to explain it. there are no stupid questions. Remember, you’re not the one who went to medical school; you’re not supposed to know all about medicine.

Ask about your treatment options. what are the risks and benefits of each option? what will happen if you do nothing about your condition? what lifestyle changes can you make that might improve the situation?

Avoid unnecessary testing.

Ask the doctor to explain exactly why you need each test what’s involved and how much it will cost.

Understand your medica­tions. Before leaving the doc­tor’s be sure you understand what the drug is for its name how to take it any possible side effects and risks precau­tions necessary while taking the drug and any special instructions such as food or drug interactions.

Find out if you need a follow up appointment.

ask about a second opinion.

Screening Tests

Screening test way to reduce your health risks and your medical costs is to have periodic screen­ing tests. the intervals for test­ing we suggest here are only guides. Talk with your doctor about a screening schedule appropriate for your age and current health status.

Blood pressure screening.

High blood pressure has been called a silent killer because it produces no symptoms. to reduce your risk of stroke has your blood pressure checked annually.