Signs and symptoms
Vaginal bleeding and/or spotting
Abnormal uterine bleeding, abnormal menstrual periods
Bleeding between normal periods
Anemia, caused by chronic loss of blood. (This may occur if the woman has ignored symptoms of prolonged or frequent abnormal menstrual bleeding.)
Lower abdominal pain or pelvic cramping
Thin white or clear vaginal discharge in postmenopausal women

Probably that you are going to die soon and he or she will ask if you'd like the next of kin contacted.

You should not be asking people what a doctor may say, because a doctor is only as good as the tests he runs. anything he might say will probally be a educated guess, but nothing more. Tests must be made in order to find out exactly what is going on and why.

Um, question…

You mentioned "frequent abnormal menstrual bleeding"… but this person also has a symptom of "discharge in postmenopausal women"??

you can't be menstruating and be postmenopausal at the same time.

But, this tiny detail to the side – the person would need to be checked for a wide variety of female disorders – ranging from polyps to cysts to even some forms of early cancer.

Of course there is also the possibility of pregnancy – though unlikely with such a high amount of blood loss.

Public release date: 1-Feb-2011 [ | E-mail | Share ] Contact: Greyling Peoplesg.peoples@elsevier.com31-204-853-323Elsevier

Amsterdam, 1 February 2011 – Elsevier announced today the publication of two further important position statements from the European Menopause and Andropause Society (EMAS) in the journal Maturitas (maturitas.org/ ) on common management problems in the post-reproductive health of women.

EMAS is providing clear guidance in its position statements covering both hormone and non hormone therapy (HT) options as well as complementary and alternative therapies . The latest two position statements cover the management of the menopause in the context of Cardiovascular disease (CVD) including coronary heart disease (CHD) and Osteoporosis. these are common conditions affecting the expanding ageing female population. Each statement has summary recommendations as a quick aid for the busy clinician.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) including coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke is the most common cause of female death. Premenopausal CHD is very rare but when women enter the menopause the incidence of CHD increases markedly. CHD presents 10 years later in women than in men. The reason is still unclear but the protective effects of estrogens have been suggested. Based on long term randomized placebo-controlled studies hormone therapy (HT) is not recommended for the primary or secondary prevention of CHD in postmenopausal women. In most countries the only indication for HT is the treatment of menopausal symptoms. Women with known CHD or with many coronary risk factors seeking HT because of troublesome climacteric symptoms should be evaluated for their individual baseline risk of developing breast cancer, venous thromboembolism and CHD recurrence. The same applies to non hormone therapy-based treatments where long term clinical studies are lacking. Risks should be weighed against expected benefit from symptom relief and improved quality of life. The lowest effective estrogen dose should be used during the shortest possible time. Transdermal administration is preferred if risk factors for VTE exist. different progestogens might differ in their cardiovascular effects. Observational studies suggest that micronized progesterone or dydrogesterone may have a better risk profile than other progestogens with regard to thrombotic risk. doi:10.1016/j.maturitas.2010.10.005

Osteoporosis and its consequent fractures is a major public health problem. Osteoporosis is still an often under-recognized disease and considered to be an inevitable consequence of ageing. The morbidity of osteoporosis is secondary to the fractures that can occur in the spine, hip, forearm and proximal humerus. these fractures, especially hip fractures, lead to high morbidity and mortality, as well as an increase in direct costs for health services. Bone densitometry has an important role in screening postmenopausal women for osteoporosis. For higher sensitivity and specificity, there may be a stronger case for screening in later life, depending on the extent to which risk factors add to the value of bone mineral density tests. doi:10.1016/j.maturitas.2010.09.009

About European Menopause and Andropause Society (EMAS)

The European Menopause and Andropause Society (EMAS) was founded to promote the study of all aspects of midlife health and beyond in both men and women and to advance the interchange of research and clinical experience between its members.EMAS also participates in international congresses related to the menopause and andropause. Through its activities, EMAS aims to guarantee and provide the same standard of education and information throughout Europe on postreproductive health in both genders. The statutes of EMAS have been submitted to and accepted by the Swiss Authorities and the Society is now acknowledged by the Swiss Government and the International Menopause Society as the official Regional European Menopause Society. EMAS also belongs to the Council of affiliated Menopause Societies (CAMS) of the International Menopause Society (IMS).

Elsevier is a world-leading publisher of scientific, technical and medical information products and services. The company works in partnership with the global science and health communities to publish more than 2,000 journals, including The Lancet and Cell, and close to 20,000 book titles, including major reference works from Mosby and Saunders. Elsevier’s online solutions include SciVerse ScienceDirect, SciVerse Scopus, Reaxys, MD Consult and Nursing Consult, which enhance the productivity of science and health professionals, and the SciVal suite and MEDai’s Pinpoint Review, which help research and health care institutions deliver better outcomes more cost-effectively.

A global business headquartered in Amsterdam, Elsevier employs 7,000 people worldwide. The company is part of Reed Elsevier Group PLC, a world-leading publisher and information provider, which is jointly owned by Reed Elsevier PLC and Reed Elsevier NV. The ticker symbols are REN (Euronext Amsterdam), REL (London Stock Exchange), RUK and ENL (New York Stock Exchange).

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Q I am a 37-year-old female. I have been told that I have fibrocystic breast tissue (in both breasts). this is an extremely painful condition, but I was told that nothing could be done for it.

The pain has gotten so bad that there are days I can hardly stand it. it has become a problem between my husband and me.

Is there anything you can tell me about this condition? Is there anything I can do about the pain? I have had mammograms, and nothing was found. I can’t stand it anymore!

A Fibrocystic breasts are fairly common, with more than half of all women experiencing fibrocystic changes within their lifetimes. these changes involve the development of cysts, the overgrowth of cells lining the milk ducts (hyperplasia) or the milk-producing tissues (lobules), scarlike tissue (fibrosis) and enlarged breast lobules.

These changes are normal and most often occur in women between ages 20 and 50. Postmenopausal women rarely experience these changes unless they are on hormone therapy.

Symptoms include breast lumps, pain or tenderness, areas of thickening, fluctuating lump size, increasing pain or “lumpiness” from ovulation until just before menstruation and green or dark brown non-bloody nipple discharge.

Women with absent or minor symptoms do not require treatment. Severe pain or large cysts may necessitate therapy. Aspirating cysts is beneficial.

The fluid confirms that the lump is a cyst and not a tumor. it essentially removes the lesion and often reduces the pain. if a cyst continues to return after aspiration, surgical removal may be appropriate.

Pain is often treated with over-the-counter relievers such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen. Oral contraceptives can ease the pain caused by menstrual cycles. Danazol is a prescription medication that can relieve severe breast pain by mimicking a male sex hormone; however, it can cause acne, excess body hair and more, thus limiting its use.

Home remedies include a low-fat diet, avoiding caffeine, wearing a sports bra during exercise and while sleeping, and using a firm support bra (professionally fitted is best).

Fibrocystic breast changes are not a risk factor for breast cancer; however, because some of the symptoms overlap, it is important to undergo testing to ensure that the lesions caused by the cysts or thickening are not, in fact, caused by cancer or a tumor.

Either return to your physician and demand answers as to why he or she didn’t provide you with this information or request a referral to a gynecologist with experience in diagnosing and treating painful fibrocystic breasts.

Your doctor has dropped the ball. if you would like to learn more about your condition, the Mayo Clinic has an easy-to-understand article online at MayoClinic.com/health/fibrocystic-breasts/DS01070.

Write to Peter Gott, c/o United Media, 200 Madison Ave., Fourth Floor, New York, NY 10016.