Updated: Wed May. 25 2011 10:42:43 CTV.ca News Staff

Such common summertime activities as gardening, deck building and other outdoor renovations can put Canadians at risk for tetanus, infectious disease experts said in a reminder announcement this week.

Because the toxin that causes tetanus is found in all kinds of soil, the Canadian Coalition for Immunization Awareness and Promotion is advising that all Canadians should make sure they are up to date with their tetanus vaccinations.

Most Canadians have had at least one vaccination against tetanus, but many don’t realize that need a booster vaccine every 10 years.

Adults over age 60 are at increased risk of tetanus infection, since many were never immunized when they were younger or may have forgotten to get their booster shot, says Dr. Susan Bowles, vice-chair of the organization.

While many Canadians think of rusty nails when they think of tetanus, the bacteria that causes the infection — Clostridium tetani — is found in all kinds of soil, dirt and dust.

The bacteria usually enter through a cut or scrape and then bring on symptoms such as “lockjaw” (stiffness of the jaw), muscle spasms and sometimes breathing problems. It’s a serious disease that can lead to paralysis and even death.

Without treatment, one out of four infected people will die, says the U.S. National Institutes of Health.

Coalition chair Dr. Bonnie Henry says spring is a great time for Canadians to check their immunization records and to visit their family doctor or public health office about getting a tetanus booster.

“The tetanus booster is safe, effective and free for all Canadians, so there is no reason why anyone should be unprotected,” she said in a release.

Other steps to help avoid tetanus infection:

• Wear protective gloves, clothing and footwear while renovating and gardening.
• Be mindful when using tools that can cause injury to skin.
• If injured, immediately clean wounds thoroughly with warm water and soap

Cervical Cancer Symptoms after Hysterectomy

Cervical Cancer Symptoms after Hysterectomy

Every year over 11,000 women in the U.S. are diagnosed with this cancer.  Cervical Cancer Symptoms after Hysterectomy If it is diagnosed early, treatment can be successful.  On the other hand, a misdiagnosis can result in delayed treatment.  without the proper treatment, the survival rate decreases considerably and it may lead to death.

There are medical attorneys that will represent victims who had a misdiagnosis of with cancer.  Speak with an attorney regarding the claim; they will evaluate your case free of charge.

How Cervical Cancer Is Diagnosed

Sexually active women should go have regular Pap smears.  While Pap smears are not a diagnostic test, they are used to spot abnormal cells.  If abnormal cells are present, further tests should be ordered to make a positive diagnosis.  Some diagnostic tests include:

Colposcopy – an instrument called a colposcope is used to look at the cervix and see more clearly areas of abnormal cell growth Biopsy – a sample of abnormal tissue is taken from the cervix for testing Endocervical scraping – a specialized instrument is used to scrape tissue lining the endocervical canal, an area the doctor cannot reach with the colposcope Cone biopsy – a cone-shaped piece of tissue is removed from the cervix

Not overseeing diagnostic tests or misinterpreting the results can put off successful treatment options and the consequences can be fatal.

How Misdiagnosis Occurs

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A missed or wrong diagnosis of cervical cancer may occur for the following reasons:

the doctor fails to recognize symptoms of cervical cancer, thereby failing to perform the tests necessary for diagnosis the doctor fails to obtain a full patient history, which is important for identifying risk factors such as Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) Lab results are misinterpreted A laboratory error causes the patient’s results to be confused with another patient’s

There are many types of misdiagnosis.  Delayed diagnosis, missed diagnosis and wrong diagnosis can each have their own consequence.  for instance, a wrong diagnosis of cancer when a patient does not have it can mean a person undergoing treatments that are not needed.  In addition, if cancer was missed, a patient will not receive treatment they actually need to live.

Have you been Misdiagnosed?

If you were misdiagnosed with cervical cancer, there is legal action you can take and with the help of a medical attorney, it can happen.  the negligent party can be held liable and a victim can recover some compensation for damages lost.  This can include lost wages, treatment costs, pain, and suffering.

Contact an attorney to learn more about your legal rights if you have received a misdiagnosis of cervical cancer.  They will evaluate your case at no cost and advise you of your rights.

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