Pheochromocytoma is an important explanation for secondary Hypertension. we now have adnenal gland located at upper portion of each kidney. It’s divided into adrenal cortex and adrenal medulla. Pheochromocytoma is a tumor of Adrenal Medulla. Normal function of adrenal medulla is to provide epinephrine or adrenaline. which is answerable for controlling blood stress and to help cope with nerve-racking situations. So majority of symptoms of pheochromocytoma are resulting from extra secretion of adrenaline from adrenal medulla. Most patients of pheochromocytoma have recurrent episodes of headache, sweating and a sense of high anxiety. the next signs are listed from the commonest to the least common Complications (extreme) sweating Episodes (generalized) coronary heart palpitations (tachycardia and palpitations) Anxiousness nervousness (feelings of impending demise) tremors Pain within the lower chest or higher stomach Nausea (with or with out nausea) Weight loss Warmth intolerance
these signs might come by situations which causes strain over tumor like physical exercise, exercise, defecation, anesthesia, or change in physi que position.
who ought to be examined for Pheochromocytoma those that have uncontrolled hypertension those that have age between forty and 60 those who are already taking four antihypertensive medication but blood stress is not controllable. those who have episodes of above symptoms
Reason for pheochromocytoma is unknown, however some forms of this tumor runs in families like, a-Multiple endocrine neoplasia, sort II (MEN-II). In addition to a pheochromocytoma, individuals with MEN-II even have thyroid cancer. Different forms of MEN-II include pheochromocytoma with thyroid cancer and hyperparathyroidism (MEN-IIA), and pheochromocytoma with thyroid cancer and tumors of nerves within the eyes lips, mouth and digestive tract (MEN-IIB). b-Neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1). Pheochromocytomas can occur in a small proportion of people with NF1, a syndrome that features a number of tumors in the pores and skin (neurofibromas), pigmented pores and skin spots, tumors of the optic nerve of the attention, and bone diseases. c-Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease. Individuals with this rare multi system dysfunction are at high danger of pheochromocytoma mind eye and kidney tumors.
Most pheochromocytomas are benign tumors and so they do not unfold to different components of body nonetheless some kinds do present metastasis (unfold) to different parts of body like lungs, bones and brains. normally only one gland is involved however this tumor will be current in both adrenal glands.
Investigations: Blood and Urine checks: we perform blood and urine exams to diagnose pheochromocytoma. 24 hr urine collection is examined for epinephrine, norepinephrine and dopamine. this take a look at is known as VMA. Idea is just to examine stage of epinephrine and its metabolites in urine. if these are detected in urine in excess quantity, then tumor is diagnosed.
Belly scan. now you will have diagnosed tumor by blood and urine tests, after that to seek out out location of tumor, do Ultrasound, CT scan of abdomen.
Problems: if high blood pressure remained uncontrolled it may result in complications of heart failure, infarction, cerebrovascular accident, imaginative and prescient injury and kidney failure.
Treatment: First remedy is to regulate high blood pressure with medicine like Alpha Blockers and Beta Blockers. when epinephrine is secreted by this tumor it acts on alpha and beta receptors current on heart and blood vessels, result is vasoconstriction and improve coronary heart rate. now if if we take medicine like alpha blocker and beta blocker, epinephrine might be blocked by these drugs to act on these receptors so result is vasodilation and gradual coronary heart rate. Common Alpha blockers are Prazosin (Minipress), Terazosin (Hytrin) Phenoxybenzamine( Dibenzaline). Widespread Beta Blockers are Atenolol(Tenormin), Carvedilol(Carveda), Metoprolol(Mepressor), Inderal.
Remedy of choice for this tumor is Surgery. after removal of this gland by surgery, blood stress becomes regular with a day. There are two types of surgeries. Basic and Laproscopic surgery. Nevertheless Surgery isn’t an possibility for those tumors which show metastasis to different elements of body. For that we use chemotherapy and radiations.
every time you could have hypertension with any symptom, do not ignore it, chances are you’ll be the affected person of Pheochromocytoma. at all times contact your Doctor.
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